Introduction Here I am going to give a simple example of addition, substraction, multiplication etc to check overflow/underflow so that we can minimize buggs/defects in our code The code In your project/product or any place, If you have some operation like Addition, substraction ,multiplication etc. then you have to compute very carefully.Because it can be Overflow or Underflow. You know due to this stupid careless, You may got bugs/defects in your project/product. Idea is that when you are going to add two number, then you knows about their limitation.i.e. Every inbuilt data types has fixed length for a given machine size and compiler.So suppose in 32-bit machine for integer, it's size will be 32 bits so range will be -{2>>15} to {(2>>15)-1. So we can say that Maximum limit of signed integer will be MAX_SIZE_SINT = {(2>>15)-1} Minimum linit of signed Integer will be MIN_SIZE_SINT = -{2>>15} Code: #include <stdio.h> #define MAX_SIZE_SINT {(2>>15)-1} #define MIN_SIZE_SINT {-(2>>15)} #define sint int #define ZERO 0 // Check for Addition sint AddChk(sint n1, //First number sint n2) //Second Number { if(n2 < ZERO) //for more Robustness { return SubChk(n1, -n2); } if(MAX_SIZE_SINT - n2 < n1) //Overflow condition MAX_SIZE_SINT < n1+n2 { printf("OverFlow because you can'nt go for number > %d",MAX_SIZE_SINT); return MAX_SIZE_SINT; } return(n1 + n2); } // Ckecking under substraction int SubChk(sint n1, sint n2) { if(n2 < 0) { return AddChk(n1, -n2); } if(INT_MIN + n2 > n1) { printf("UnderFlow because you can'nt go for number < %d",MIN_SIZE_SINT); return MIN_SIZE_SINT; } return n1 - n2; } Code: //checkiing under multiplication sint MulChk(sint n1, sint n2) { int IndSign = 1; if(0 == n1 || 0 == n2) { return 0; } if(n1 < 0) { n1 = -n1; IndSign = -IndSign ; } if(n2 < 0) { n2 = -n2; IndSign = -IndSign ; } if((MAX_SIZE_SINT / n2) < n1) { if(Indsign>0) { printf("OverFlow because you can'nt go for number > %d",MAX_SIZE_SINT); return MAX_SIZE_SINT ; } if(Indsign<0) { printf("UnderFlow because you can'nt go for number < %d",MIN_SIZE_SINT); return MIN_SIZE_SINT ; } } return IndSign * n1 * n2; } Result You can put more checks except this in your code like pointer instance, valid memory etc. to find bug easily i.e. at low cost.