The various SQL Server operators are as listed below: Comparison operators Arithmetic operators Logical operators Negation operators Arithmetic operators 1. Addition It is used for adding values on any side of the operator. The operator can add days, date or number. Example: Code: DECLARE @a int; SET @a = 10; SELECT 12 + @a; Output: 2. Subtraction It is used for subtracting two numbers, days, from given numbers. Example: Code: SELECT MAX(marks) – MIN(marks) as difference from academics Output: 3. Multiply It multiplies two expressions using the multiplication operator. Example: Code: DECLARE @x int; SET @x = 30; SELECT 2 * @x; Output: 4. Division Used for dividing one number by another Example: Code: DECLARE @y int; SET @y = 30; SELECT @y / 5; Output: 5. Modulo The reminder of one number divided by other is returned. Example: Code: SELECT 46%3 As Integer; Output: Logical operators 1. ALL It is used for comparing value with a single column set of values. Syntax: Code: scalar_expression { = | <> | != | > | >= | !> | < | <= | !< } ALL ( subquery ) Example: Code: select srno, marks, name from academics where marks > ALL ( SELECT marks from academics where marks = 70 ); Output: 2. AND It contains two Boolean expression and the value as TRUE is returned if both the expressions are TRUE. Syntax: Code: Boolean_expression AND Boolean expression Example: Code: select srno, name, location from academics where marks > 80 and location = ‘Glasgow’ Output: 3. BETWEEN It is used to define a range to be tested. The values present in the range are displayed. Syntax: Code: test_expression [ NOT ] BETWEEN expression1 AND expression 2 where, test_expression: it is used to define the range using the expression 1 and expression 2 NOT: the result of the predicate is negated expression1, expression 2: both the expressions must have similar data types AND: It defines that test expression is in the range defined by both the expressions Example: Code: select name, marks from academics where marks between 65 and 80 Output: 4. IN It is used to define whether the values are matching with the one present in the list or subquery. Syntax: Code: Expression [ NOT ] IN ( subquery | expression [ ,….n ] ) Where, Expression: Defines the valid expression subquery: The result set of one column is defined expression [ ,….n ] : The expressions which match the list are defined Example: Code: select srno from academics where name in ( select name from academics where location = ‘Germany’ ) Output: 5. LIKE It is used to check if the character string matches the pattern. The pattern contains wildcard and regular characters. Syntax: Code: Expression [ NOT ] LIKE pattern [ escape character ] Where, Expression: It is a valid expression of character data type pattern: The string of characters to be search in expression. The type of wildcard characters that can be added to the pattern are: _ ( underscore) : It is used for matching any single character. %: The string consisting of zero or more characters [ ] : A single character in the specified range [ ^ ] : A single character not in the specified range Example: Code: select srno, name, location from academics where location LIKE ‘G%’ Output: Negation condition operators NOT operator The operator is used for altering the meaning of the operator that is used. It is also known as negate operator. Syntax: Code: [ NOT ] Boolean_expression Where, Boolean expression is a valid expression Example: Code: select srno, name, location from academics where location LIKE ‘G%’ AND NOT srno > 103 Output: Comparison operators Some of the comparison operators in SQL are as explained below: 1. Equals ( = ) The equality of two expressions is compared. Syntax: Code: expression = expression where, expression is any valid one. The data type of the expressions must be easily converted. Example: Code: select * from academics where srno = 104 Output: 2. Greater than ( > ) The operator verifies if the value of the left operand is greater than the right operand value. Syntax: Code: Expression > Expression Example: Code: select * from academics where marks > 60 Output: 3. Less than ( < ) It is used to check if the value of left operand is less than the value of the right operand. Syntax: Code: Expression < Expression Example: Code: select * from academics where marks < 80 Output: 4. Not Equal To ( < > ) It is used for comparing two expressions. If the values are not equal, the condition is true. Syntax: Code: Expression < > Expression Example: Code: select * from academics where marks < > 70 Output: 5. Not Less Than ( ! < ) The operator checks if the value of left operand is not less than the value of right operand. If it is satisfies, the condition is true. Syntax: Code: Expression ! < Expression Example: Code: select * from academics where marks ! < 70 Output: 6. Not Greater Than ( ! > ) The operator is used for checking whether the left operand is not greater than the right operand value. If satisfied, the condition is true. Syntax: Code: Expression ! > Expression Example: Code: select * from academics where marks ! > 70 Output: