Hello to one & all, I did a little bit of programming this weekend (I got myself a new Xbox 360!) .... but not satisfied with the Gaming monolith, I decided to do some game programming myself. So, I implemented that very famous game played by everyone who had access to a computer in the early 90's .... And the result is here .... Now, its no big deal as its already a standardized game which has been done & played & now occupies a place only in computer museums , but nonetheless here it is .... its still incomplete in some ways - User Interfaces need to be strengthened & more options need to be provided, but the basic math & functionality is all there .... Am currently working on a Object Oriented Version of this in C++ with more options. Hope you enjoy this! HAPPY CODING! CODE for a Ball Bouncing off the boundaries of the Screen in Graphics Mode (Non-OOP) Code: /* Program to Produce a continuously moving ball, which bounces on striking a wall */ /* SOURCE CODE */ #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <graphics.h> #include <time.h> #include <math.h> #include <dos.h> #define DEFDELAY 5 /* Global Variables */ // Symbolic Constants const int xincr=1,yincr=1; const int TRUE=1,FALSE=0; const int FWD=0,BCK=1,UP=0,DWN=1; const int LEFT=1,RIGHT=2,TOP=3,BOTTOM=4; // Other Variables int gd,gm,MAXX,MAXY; int xstart,ystart,ballrad; int xinst,yinst; int xdir,ydir,cuttingbound; int bounce=TRUE,linecol,fillcol; /* Function Prototypes */ void initgraphics(void); void testresolution(void); void moveball(void); int testboundary(void); void rebound(void); void drawball(void); void showimpact(void); void main() { testresolution(); printf("Please Enter XY Co-Ordinates of Starting Point : "); scanf("%d%d",&xstart,&ystart); printf("\n\nEnter the Size of Ball (Radius) : "); scanf("%d",&ballrad); printf("\n\n\nPress Any Key to Enter Graphics Mode ..... "); getch(); moveball(); } void initgraphics(void) { int error; initgraph(&gd,&gm,"\\TC\\BGI"); error=graphresult(); if(error!=grOk) { printf("\n\n\aGRAPHICS ERROR! Error Code : %d",error); getch();exit(1); } } void testresolution(void) { clrscr(); printf("Testing System Resolution! Press Any Key to enter Graphics Mode ...."); getch(); initgraphics(); MAXX=getmaxx(); MAXY=getmaxy(); closegraph(); printf("System Resolution Detected!\n"); printf("\nHORIZONTAL PIXEL SPAN : %d (0 to %d)",MAXX+1,MAXX); printf("\nVERTICAL PIXEL SPAN : %d (0 to %d)",MAXY+1,MAXY); getch(); clrscr(); } void moveball(void) { // Seeding Random Number Generator randomize(); // Initializing the Graphics Mode initgraphics(); // Initializing the Position of the Ball xinst=xstart; yinst=ystart; // Iterating Till User Hits a Key xdir=random(2); ydir=random(2); while(!kbhit()) { if(testboundary()) { // Drawing the Ball cleardevice(); drawball(); delay(DEFDELAY); // Making Changes if(xdir==FWD) xinst+=xincr; else xinst-=xincr; if(ydir==UP) yinst-=yincr; else yinst+=yincr; } else rebound(); } closegraph(); } int testboundary(void) { if(bounce==TRUE) return TRUE; else { if((xinst+ballrad)>=MAXX || (xinst-ballrad)<=0 || (yinst+ballrad)>=MAXY || (yinst-ballrad)<=0) { if((xinst+ballrad)>=MAXX) cuttingbound=RIGHT; else if((xinst-ballrad)<=0) cuttingbound=LEFT; else if((yinst+ballrad)>=MAXY) cuttingbound=BOTTOM; else cuttingbound=TOP; return FALSE; } else return TRUE; } } void rebound(void) { bounce=TRUE; switch(cuttingbound) { case LEFT:xdir=FWD;break; case RIGHT:xdir=BCK;break; case TOP:ydir=DWN;break; case BOTTOM:ydir=UP;break; } } void drawball(void) { if(bounce==TRUE) { bounce=FALSE; do{ linecol=random(15); fillcol=random(15); }while(linecol==BLACK || fillcol==BLACK || linecol==fillcol); } setcolor(linecol); circle(xinst,yinst,ballrad); setfillstyle(1,fillcol); floodfill(xinst,yinst,linecol); } CODE for 2D Basic Tennis using BGI (Non-OOP): Code: /* Program for a basic 2 player Pong match with no specialized shot/bounce physics */ /* Programmed By: Rajiv Iyer, T.E. Computers, SIES GST, Nerul */ /* SOURCE CODE */ #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <graphics.h> #include <time.h> #include <math.h> #include <dos.h> #define BARSIZE 4 #define DEFRAD 10 #define DEFDELAY 10 #define LONGDELAY 500 #define HFSND 70000 #define DEFPENALTY 50 #define DEFREWARD 25 /* Global Variables */ // Symbolic Constants const int BARYCH=10; const int DXCH=3,DYCH=3; const int TRUE=1,FALSE=0; const int FWD=0,BCK=1,UP=0,DWN=1; const int LEFT=1,RIGHT=2,TOP=3,BOTTOM=4; // Other Variables int gd,gm,MAXX,MAXY; int bounce=TRUE,cuttingbound; int linecol,fillcol; /* Structure Declaration */ struct Player { int num; int bar[BARSIZE]; int points; int returned,missed; }P1,P2; struct Sphere { int xinst,yinst; int xdir,ydir; int radius; }Ball; /* Function Prototypes */ void instructions(void); void initGraphics(void); void testResolution(void); void moveBall(void); int testBoundary(void); int keyhit(void); void rebound(void); void drawBall(void); void drawUserBars(void); void pauseMenu(void); void displayStats(void); void main() { testResolution(); instructions(); moveBall(); } void instructions(void) { clrscr(); printf("Welcome to the Basic 2D Tennis Program!"); printf("\n\nKeys for User I :-\n"); printf("MOVE BAR UP : 'W' or 'w'\n"); printf("MOVE BAR DOWN : 'S' or 's'\n"); printf("\n\nKeys for User II :-\n"); printf("MOVE BAR UP : 'P' or 'p'\n"); printf("MOVE BAR DOWN : 'L' or 'l'\n"); printf("\n\nCommon Keys:\n"); printf("Terminate Game : 'T' or 't'\n"); printf("Halt/Pause Game : 'H' or 'h'\n"); printf("\n\nAll Keys are Case Insensitive!"); printf("\n\n\nPress Any Key to Enter Graphics Mode & PLAY ! ..... "); getch(); } void initGraphics(void) { int error; initgraph(&gd,&gm,"\\TC\\BGI"); error=graphresult(); if(error!=grOk) { printf("\n\n\aGRAPHICS ERROR! Error Code : %d",error); getch();exit(1); } } void testResolution(void) { clrscr(); printf("Testing System Resolution! Press Any Key to enter Graphics Mode ...."); getch(); initGraphics(); MAXX=getmaxx(); MAXY=getmaxy(); closegraph(); printf("System Resolution Detected!\n"); printf("\nHORIZONTAL PIXEL SPAN : %d (0 to %d)",MAXX+1,MAXX); printf("\nVERTICAL PIXEL SPAN : %d (0 to %d)",MAXY+1,MAXY); getch(); clrscr(); } void moveBall(void) { // Seeding Random Number Generator randomize(); // Initializing the Graphics Mode initGraphics(); // Initializing the Position of the Two Player Bars P1.bar[0]=20 ; P1.bar[1]=200; P1.bar[2]=30 ; P1.bar[3]=280; P2.bar[0]=610; P2.bar[1]=200; P2.bar[2]=620; P2.bar[3]=280; // Initializing the Marks Tally of Both Players to Zero P1.points=P2.points=0; P1.returned=P2.returned=0; P1.missed=P2.missed=0; // Initializing the Position of the Ball Ball.xinst=MAXX/2; Ball.yinst=MAXY/2; Ball.radius=DEFRAD; // Randomizing the Initial Direction of Travel of Ball Ball.xdir=random(2); Ball.ydir=random(2); // Iterating Till Either User Hits TERMINATE(T) Key while(!keyhit()) { if(testBoundary()) { // Drawing the Ball cleardevice(); drawBall(); drawUserBars(); delay(DEFDELAY); // Making Changes if(Ball.xdir==FWD) Ball.xinst+=DXCH; else Ball.xinst-=DXCH; if(Ball.ydir==UP) Ball.yinst-=DYCH; else Ball.yinst+=DYCH; } else rebound(); } closegraph(); displayStats(); } int keyhit(void) { int i; char uch,tempch; if(kbhit()) { uch=getch(); switch(uch) { case 't': case 'T': // The TERMINATE (T) Key was hit - so Returning True return TRUE; case 'w': case 'W': // The UP-Direction Key for Player I has been pressed // Testing Whether Player Bar goes out of window with such a move if(P1.bar[1]-BARYCH<0) { sound(HFSND); nosound(); } else { for(i=1;i<BARSIZE;i+=2) P1.bar[i]-=BARYCH; } return FALSE; case 's': case 'S': // The DOWN-Direction Key for Player I has been pressed // Testing Whether Player Bar goes out of window with such a move if(P1.bar[3]+BARYCH>MAXY) { sound(HFSND); nosound(); } else { for(i=1;i<BARSIZE;i+=2) P1.bar[i]+=BARYCH; } return FALSE; case 'p': case 'P': // The UP-Direction Key for Player II has been pressed // Testing Whether Player Bar goes out of window with such a move if(P2.bar[1]-BARYCH<0) { sound(HFSND); nosound(); } else { for(i=1;i<BARSIZE;i+=2) P2.bar[i]-=BARYCH; } return FALSE; case 'l': case 'L': // The DOWN-Direction Key for Player II has been pressed // Testing Whether Player Bar goes out of window with such a move if(P2.bar[3]+BARYCH>MAXY) { sound(HFSND); nosound(); } else { for(i=1;i<BARSIZE;i+=2) P2.bar[i]+=BARYCH; } return FALSE; case 'h': case 'H': //do{ pauseMenu(); //tempch=getch(); //}while(tempch!='h' && tempch!='H'); return FALSE; default: return FALSE; } } else return FALSE; } int testBoundary(void) { if(bounce==TRUE) return TRUE; else { if((Ball.xinst+Ball.radius)>=MAXX || (Ball.xinst-Ball.radius)<=0) { if((Ball.xinst+Ball.radius)>=MAXX) { cuttingbound=RIGHT; // Player 2 misses Shot => Hence Deducting Points P2.points-=DEFPENALTY; P2.missed++; } else if((Ball.xinst-Ball.radius)<=0) { cuttingbound=LEFT; // Player 1 misses Shot => Hence Deducting Points P1.points-=DEFPENALTY; P1.missed++; } // Resetting Ball to Center of Screen Ball.xinst=MAXX/2; Ball.yinst=MAXY/2; // Randomizing the Initial Direction of Travel Ball.xdir=random(2); Ball.ydir=random(2); // Delaying for Short Period before Graphically Resetting delay(LONGDELAY); return TRUE; } else if((Ball.yinst+Ball.radius)>=MAXY || (Ball.yinst-Ball.radius)<=0) { if((Ball.yinst+Ball.radius)>=MAXY) cuttingbound=BOTTOM; else if((Ball.yinst-Ball.radius)<=0) cuttingbound=TOP; return FALSE; } else if((Ball.xinst+Ball.radius)>=P2.bar[0] && (Ball.yinst>P2.bar[1] && Ball.yinst<P2.bar[3]) && Ball.xdir==FWD) { cuttingbound=RIGHT; // Player 2 Returns Shot Successfully => Hence Rewarding Points P2.points+=DEFREWARD; P2.returned++; return FALSE; } else if((Ball.xinst-Ball.radius)<=P1.bar[2] && (Ball.yinst>P1.bar[1] && Ball.yinst<P1.bar[3]) && Ball.xdir==BCK) { cuttingbound=LEFT; // Player 1 Returns Shot Successfully => Hence Rewarding Points P1.points+=DEFREWARD; P1.returned++; return FALSE; } else return TRUE; } } void rebound(void) { bounce=TRUE; switch(cuttingbound) { case LEFT:Ball.xdir=FWD;break; case RIGHT:Ball.xdir=BCK;break; case TOP:Ball.ydir=DWN;break; case BOTTOM:Ball.ydir=UP;break; } } void drawBall(void) { if(bounce==TRUE) { bounce=FALSE; do{ linecol=random(15); fillcol=random(15); }while(linecol==BLACK || fillcol==BLACK || linecol==fillcol); } setcolor(linecol); circle(Ball.xinst,Ball.yinst,Ball.radius); setfillstyle(1,fillcol); floodfill(Ball.xinst,Ball.yinst,linecol); } void drawUserBars(void) { // Drawing Player I Bar setcolor(linecol); rectangle(P1.bar[0],P1.bar[1],P1.bar[2],P1.bar[3]); setfillstyle(1,fillcol); floodfill(P1.bar[0]+5,P1.bar[1]+5,linecol); // Drawing Player I Bar setcolor(linecol); rectangle(P2.bar[0],P2.bar[1],P2.bar[2],P2.bar[3]); setfillstyle(1,fillcol); floodfill(P2.bar[0]+5,P2.bar[1]+5,linecol); } void pauseMenu(void) { char pch; do{ settextstyle(TRIPLEX_FONT,HORIZ_DIR,3); outtextxy(150,100,"1. Resume Game"); outtextxy(150,200,"2. Display Statistics"); outtextxy(150,300,"3. Controls"); pch=getch(); switch(pch) { case '1': break; case '2': closegraph(); displayStats(); initGraphics(); break; case '3': closegraph(); instructions(); initGraphics(); break; default: printf("\n\n\aInvalid Choice!\n\n\a"); } }while(pch!='1'); } void displayStats(void) { // Printing All Collected Statistics printf("Statistics Score-Card :\n"); printf("\n\nFor User I :\nShots Taken : %d\nShots Missed : %d\nTotal Score : %d",P1.returned,P1.missed,P1.points); printf("\n\nFor User II :\nShots Taken : %d\nShots Missed : %d\nTotal Score : %d",P2.returned,P2.missed,P2.points); printf("\n\n\nWINNER : "); if(P1.points>P2.points) printf("Player I !!"); else if(P1.points<P2.points) printf("Player II !!"); else printf("Undeterminable !!"); getch(); }
Re: Basic 2D Tennis in BGI Hey thanks a lot Shabbir! .... Its really not that big a deal, as this has been a standardized & done game from sometime in the early 90's .... but as I told you, it was pure love for logic & programming that drives me & no doubt even you & others to give it a try! NJOY CODING! Regards, Rajiv PS: Any Queries about any code-segment that is not clear (sorry I didnt comment extensively on this one as I usually do) are welcome
Re: Basic 2D Tennis in BGI Aye.. good coding.. but this is Pong isn't it? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pong
Re: Basic 2D Tennis in BGI Hey Tailhook, Thanks for the link .... I didnt know the name of the game, but just knew that it was & still is a heck of a game .... and anyways, when I set out to code, I was plannin to code Tennis along with the court markings & stuff, but halfway I decided to revert to this "PONG" as the world calls it .... thx 4 the link - made an interesting read - especially Roddick playing Pong .... So, Pong it is .... will rename the thread if I can. NJOY CODING Regards, Rajiv PS: To use Shakespeare's quotation slightly distorted to suit the situation : "A Game by any other name would be just as enjoyable"
ok... I know I'm doing something wrong. I am using Visual C++ to compile this and I don't have a graphics.h file. Do i need to download it?
MS VC compiler does not support BGI graphics and so it does not have the graphics.h file. You need to use the old days Turbo C++ 3.0 compiler for the BGI graphics program to compile
