Arrays in C Programming Array in 'C ' is a storage area where u can store similar type of data items(Homogeneous data) ex If we have to strore roll no of 5 student then we have to declare five variables let say r1,r2,r3,r4 and r5. int r1,r2,r3,r4,r5; we can replace it by simply writing int roll[5]; Declaration of array in c. data type -name of array -[ size of array]; e.g int arr[5]; float arr1[3]; few valid array declaration in 'C' programming. int arr[5]={1,2,3,4,5}; here arr[0]=1; arr[1]=2; arr[2]=3; arr[3]=4; arr[4]=5; int arr1[5]={1,2,3}; in arr1 arr1[0]=1; arr1[1]=2; arr1[2]=3; arr1[3]=0; arr1[4]=0; arr1[5]=0; First program in array.
First Array Program Code: #include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> void main() { int i=0; int arr[5]={1,2,3,4,5}; clrscr(); for(i=0;i<5;i++) { printf("%d\t",arr[i]); } getch(); } o/p 1 2 3 4 5.
character array char arr[5]={'a','e','i','o','u'}; program that shows o/p as sum of 5 user entered no. Code: #include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> void main() { int i; int arr[5]; clrscr(); for(i=0;i<5;i++) { printf("please enter %d no ",i+1); scanf("%d",arr[i]); } for(i=0;i<5;i++) { sum+=arr[i]; } printf("Sum = %d",sum); getch(); } o/p please enter 1 no 10 please enter 2 no 10 please enter 3 no 10 please enter 4 no 10 please enter 5 no 10 Sum =50.
Answer these questions let the array is arr[5]={10,20,30,40,50}; Code: 1. printf("%d",3[arr]); 2.printf("%d",arr[-2]); 3.printf("%d",arr); 4.printf("%u",(arr+3)); 5.printf("%d",*(arr+3)); 6.printf("%d",arr[6]); 7.printf("%d",arr[1+2]);
Declaration int arr[2][2]; int arr[3][3]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}; int arr[3][3]={{1,2,3}, {4,5,6}, {7,8,9}}; int arr[][3]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}; Explanation How members can be accessed in two dimensional array? indexing arr[3][3] ={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}; arr[0][0]=1 , arr[0][1]=2 ,arr[0][2]=3 arr[1][0]=4 , arr[1][1]=5 ,arr[1][2]=6 arr[2][0]=7 , arr[2][1]=8 ,arr[2][2]=9
C program for two dimensional array Code: #include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> void main() { int i,j; int arr[3][3]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}; clrscr(); for(i=0;i<3;i++) { for(j=0;j<3;j++) { printf("%d\t" arr[i][j]); } printf("\n"); } getch(); } o/p 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
C program for two dimensional array Code: #include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> void main() { int i,j; int arr[3][3]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}; clrscr(); for(i=0;i<3;i++) { for(j=0;j<3;j++) { printf("%d\t" *(*(arr+i)+j)); } printf("\n"); } getch(); } o/p 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Explanation of two dimensional array let array be arr[3][3] ={{1,2,3}, {4,5,6}, {7,8,9}; then structure of array is like arr[0][0]=1 arr[0][1]=2 arr[0][2]=3 arr[1][0]=4 arr[1][1]=5 arr[1][2]=6 arr[2][0]=7 arr[2][1]=8 arr[2][2]=9 if you write arr then you are in first row (arr+1) then you are in the beginning of second row (arr+2) then you are in the beginning of last row *(arr) gives you o/p 1 *(arr+1) gives you o/p 4 *(arr+2) gives you o/p 7 *(*(arr+1)+2) gives you o/p 6
String is array of character terminated with a null character char str[]={'h' ,'e','l','l','o','\0'}; char str1[]="chittaranjan"; equivalent to char str1[]={'c','h','i','t','t','a','r','a','n','j','a','n','\0'}; Standard Library functions to handle strings. defined under string.h 1)strlen() returns length of the string 2)strcpy() copies one sourse string to target string including the terminating null character 3)strcat() concatenates two string 4)strcmp() compares two string arguments
small program to understand the functions. strlen() Code: #include<stdio.h> #include<string.h> #include<conio.h> void main() { char str[32]="hello, world"; clrscr(); printf("%d",strlen(str)); getch(); o/p : 12 strcpy() Code: #include<stdio.h> #include<string.h> #include<conio.h> void main() { char str1[15],str2[15]; clrscr(); printf("Enter first string:"); scanf("%s",str1); strcpy(str2,str1); printf("%s",str2); getch(); } o/p Enter first string: Chittaranjan Chittaranjan
