[xpi0t0s]

(1) Within the rules: No. Private data is private data and the whole point is that you _can't_ access it unless you're a member function or a friend.

(2) Outside the rules: Yes. Just find the pointer to the object, work out the offset of h within the object and add that offset in bytes to the pointer, cast it to an int* and dereference the pointer.

struct emp
{
private:
    int h;

public:
    void setdata(int a)
    {
        h = a;
    }
}emp1;

void hackemp()
{
	emp1.setdata(5);
	int *foo=(int*)&emp1;
	// Assume offset of h is zero as it's the first thing in the class
	printf("emp1.h=%d\n",*foo);
	// Just to prove we're not cheating
	emp1.setdata(10);
	printf("emp1.h=%d\n",*foo);
}

Output:
emp1.h=5
emp1.h=10