Converting to lowercase and sorting in ARM Assembly Language!!!

Discussion in 'Assembly Language Programming (ALP) Forum' started by clshah2, Feb 25, 2009.

  1. clshah2

    clshah2 New Member

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    I have written the following code for reading ad outputting characters and strings and then converting it to lowercase and sorting it through bubble sort. It seems to read and output properly but not convert to lowercase and sort the string typed in the Hyper terminal via the UART. Can someone please help me as to what I am doing wrong? I have a strong feeling it has something to do with my registers and some part of the lowercase code but I am not sure!! Please Help...Thank you. I have attached the code for reference.

    Code:
    	AREA	Serial, CODE, READONLY	
    	EXPORT lab3
    
    
    SER		EQU	0x04			; Serial Port
    USTAT0	EQU 0x08			; UART0 Status Register
    TRANS	EQU 0x0C			; Transmit Register
    RECEIV	EQU 0x10			; Receive Register
    BAUD	EQU	0x14			; 
    
    
    string	= "--------------------",0	          
    
    prompt = "Enter a string up to 20 characters long, then press Enter: ", 0
    
    	ALIGN
    		
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------
    
    
    uart_init						; INITIALIZE UART 
    
    		STMFD SP!,{lr}			; Store register lr on stack
    		
    		LDR r1, =0x03FFD000		; Load base address into r1
    		MOV r2, #0		        ; Turn off serial port
    		STR r2, [r1, #SER]		; Contents of 0x3FFD004, stored into r2
    		
    		LDR r1, =0x03FFD000		; Load base address into r1
    		MOV r2, #3			; Set port for 8 bits, 1 stop, 0 parity
    		STR r2, [r1]			; Store the value 3 into memory address 0x3FFD000
    		
    		LDR r1, =0x03FFD000		; Load base address into r1
    		MOV r2, #9		        ; Turn on serial port
    		STR r2, [r1, #SER]		; Store the value 9 into memory address 0x3FFD004
    		
    		LDR r1, =0x03FFD000		; Load base address into r1
    		MOV r2, #162			; Set to 9600 baud
    		MOV r2, r2, LSL #4		; Left shift value 162 stored in r2 by 
    						; 4 spots, and recopy into r2
    		STR r2, [r1, #BAUD]		; Store left shifted value in r2 into 
    						; memory address 0x3FFD014
    
    		LDMFD SP!, {lr}			; Restore register lr from stack	
    		MOV pc, lr
    
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------
    
    read_string						; READ STRING ENTERED BY USER UNTIL
    								; ENTER KEY IS REACHED
    
    		STMFD SP!,{r1-r12, lr}			; Store register lr on stack
    
    STORE	        BL read_character
    		STRB r0, [r9]			       ; Store the byte
    		ADD r9, r9, #1
    		BL output_character                     ;Display the character
    		CMP r0, #13				; Finish when the Enter key is pressed
    		BNE STORE
    
    		LDMFD SP!, {r1-r12, lr}			; Restore register lr from stack	
    		MOV pc, lr
    
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------
    
    read_character
     
            STMFD SP!, {r1-r12,lr}			; Store register lr on stack
    
    LOOP	        LDR r1, =0x03FFD000
    		LDR r2, [r1, #USTAT0]
    		TST r2, #32
    		BEQ LOOP
    		LDR r0, [r1, #RECEIV]
    
    		LDMFD SP!, {r1-r12,lr}			; Restore register lr from stack	
    		MOV pc, lr
    
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------
    
    output_character
    
    		STMFD SP!,{r1-r12, lr}			; Store register lr on stack
    
    LOOP2	        LDR r1, =0x03FFD000		; Load memory address 0x03FFD000 into r1
    		LDR r2, [r1, #USTAT0]	        ; Load 0x03FFD004 into r2
    		TST r2, #64			; Clear bit 6
    		BEQ LOOP2				
    		STR r0, [r1, #TRANS]	        ; Store contents of 0x03FFD004 into r1
    
    		LDMFD SP!, {r1-r12, lr}		; Restore register lr from stack	
    		MOV pc, lr
    		
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------
    
    output_string					; SHOW STRING IN HYPERTERMINAL
    								; UNTIL IT REACH END
    
    		STMFD SP!,{r1-r12, lr}			; Store register lr on stack
    
    DISPLAY   	LDRB r0, [r10], #1		        ; Load the byte from address in r10 into r0
    								; and post-index r10 by 1
    		CMP r0, #0				; Finish when the string comes to a 0
    		BEQ DONE2
    		BL output_character
    		B DISPLAY
    
    DONE2							; Branch here if null character is reached
    
    		LDMFD SP!, {r1-r12, lr}			; Restore register lr from stack	
    		MOV pc, lr
    
    
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------
    
    convert_2_lowercase
    
    		STMFD SP!,{r1-r12, lr}	; Store register lr on stack
    
    		MOV r5, #65				; r5 holds ascii value for capital A
    		MOV r6, #90				; r6 holds ascii value for capital Z
            
    LOOPZ	        CMP r0, #13				; Compare contents of r3 to ascii value for ENTER
    		BEQ DONE				; If equal to SPACE, Branch to LOOPE and immediately increment
    
    LOOPX	        CMP r0, r6				; Compare r0 to Z
    		BLE LOOPY				; Branch to LOOPY if r0 < Z
    		B DONE					; Otherwise, Branch to DONE
    
    LOOPY	        CMP r0, r5				; Compare r0 to A
    		BLT DONE				; Branch to DONE if r0 < A
    		
    LOOPE	        ADD r0, r0, #31			; Add 32 to acsii value in r3 and copy back to r3
        	        STRB r0, [r0], #1		; store value in r3 into memory address r0
    		CMP r0, #0				; Compare post indexed r12 address to NULL
    		BEQ DONE				; Branch to DONE if r12=0
    		B LOOPZ					; If unequal, unconditional branch to LOOPZ
            
    DONE	 						; Done
    		LDMFD SP!, {r1-r12, lr}	; Restore register lr from stack	
    		MOV pc, lr
    		
    
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------
    	
    
    SORT	
    		STMFD SP!,{lr}				; Store register lr on stack
    
    SORT2	        LDR r8, =string
    		
    COUNTER	        LDRB r12, [r8], #1
    		CMP r12, #0
    		BNE INCR
    		B SORT1
    
    INCR	        MOV r6, #0
    		ADD r6, r6, #1
    		B COUNTER
    
    SORT1	        LDRB r1, [r8]
    		LDRB r2, [r8, #1]
    		CMP r1, r2
    		BLT DONEX
      
    CHANGE	        STRB r2, [r8]
    		STRB r1, [r8, #1]
    		
    DONEX	        ADD r8, r8, #1
    		CMP r2, #0
    		BEQ NEXT
    		B SORT1
    
    NEXT	        SUB r6, r6, #1
    		CMP r6, #0
    		BEQ DONE5
    		LDR r8, =string
    		B SORT1
    				
    DONE5	        LDMFD SP!, {lr}				; Restore register lr from stack	
    		MOV pc, lr
    
    
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------
    ;---------------------------------------------------------------------		
    
    lab3
    
    		STMFD SP!,{lr}			; Store register lr on stack
    
    		BL uart_init			; Branch to uart_init
    
    		LDR r10, =prompt		; Prompts user
    		BL output_string		
    		LDR r9, =string			; Loads string into r9
    		BL read_string
    		
    ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    		
    		
    		BL convert_2_lowercase
    		LDR r10, =string
    		BL output_string
    		
    		BL SORT
    		LDR r10, =string
    		BL output_string	
    		
    		LDMFD SP!,{lr}
    		MOV pc, lr
    		
    	END
     
    Last edited by a moderator: Feb 25, 2009
  2. shabbir

    shabbir Administrator Staff Member

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    Attachment removed and moved the content of the attachment into post
     
  3. xpi0t0s

    xpi0t0s Mentor

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    Are you sure about that? The code you claim to have written is virtually identical to the code that "Armnewbie87" insists he wrote in the following thread:
    http://www.go4expert.com/showthread.php?t=16305

    So which of you is lying?
     
  4. clshah2

    clshah2 New Member

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    Hey,
    No one is lying...He is my partner in the same class! I didnt knew he has posted it here too! Thats we have the same code! Hope it' ok...his question is the same as me..we are unable to figure out how to link it together!
     

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